I must admit that when I first read John's line-up of the conflicting parties I was more that just a bit skeptical.
Having followed the web site for a while I've become more convinced over time that the line-up is correct - if not elbow to elbow, and shoulder to shoulder. Having spent a while focused on China, and coming up to speed regarding the various perspective combatants, and China in particular. I had particular difficulty with the US and Iran, but what has become apparent is that, should it arise, it will be a two pole conflict - Sunni/Shi'a and China and allies vs the world.
Historically China has territorial demands that go far beyond some insignificant disputed - the actual dispute is not insignificant, and is over control of established and known oil and gas deposits - islands in the South China Sea. Additionally, the Chinese have territorial disputes with almost all of their neighbors. With India, Kashmir aside, an entire northern Indian province adjacent to Tibet is "in dispute," and has caused India humiliating armed conflict in the past. To that end India has recently tested a nuclear capable ICBM, whose only target might be Chinese cities. The historical closeness of Pakistan to China counters India's past conflict with Pakistan, and further sets up Chinese demands for the area in southwestern Tibet, an area that India maintains is part of India - so much so that India developed the ICBM delivery vehicle for nuclear delivery to a, potentially, belligerent China.
The territorial issues with Russia are significant, and have also risen to past armed conflict. The Russian areas of contention are both in central and far eastern - Vladivostok area - Asia. The Russian territorial issues stem from a complex residual of the Mongolian hoards that came out of Asia in the 1200s - the Russians apparently don't differentiate between the Mongolians and the Chinese - who maintained a Mongolian presence in what is now southern Russia lasting up to the 19th century. More recently, China having been fleeced by Stalin after Mao's Communist consolidation in 1949 through the early 50s, lost control over Outer Mongolia. Essentially, via political maneuvering, Stalin obtained control of Outer Mongolia - an area Mao, and the Chinese believe to be definitely Chinese. What gets little emphases is the territorial demands of China in central Asia - the world of the xxx-stans, specifically Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan areas that China feels to be Chinese, so much so that older text book maps show these areas as part of China. Russia in the extreme east, has particular jeopardy in the sparsely settled eastern 1/4th of Russia - an area of eastern Siberia populated by roughly 7 million Russians. In this area China, correspondingly, in northeastern China, has a population of roughly 110 million people across the boarder from an area of Russia that western Russian are loathe to relocate to, as it is an area perceived by them to be backward and desolate - an attitude not shared by the Chinese. The absolute Russian/Chinese population disparity is also more than just a little significant; Russia has a current total population of 142 million -
https://www.cia.gov/library/publication ... os/rs.html - people, while China's -
https://www.cia.gov/library/publication ... os/ch.html - population is over 1.3 billion people. In eastern Siberia, with China's the newly realized economic power, large numbers of Chinese are "moving" into eastern Siberia as a disturbing Russian economic necessity.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/22944897/Russ ... g-Conflict
In short China has territorial demands upon 20 nations.
http://english.pravda.ru/world/asia/17- ... _claims-0/
Apparently, many of the issues revolve around just how far back in time the Chinese are prepared to go to stake a claim to various patches of world real estate. The apparent fear is that any Chinese victory in any of these significant territorial disputes, more specifically, the South China Sea will result in a cascade of Chines hegemony throughout all of the territorial disputes pending with all of China's neighbors.
It is understandable why China feels the necessity to flex its military muscle, but the more prudent question arises: long term, is it really necessary, as by biding its time China's real future power lies in it's enormous economic dominance, as alas, was the case with America from 1920 - 2008.